TLR4 and necrotizing enterocolitis: miRNA microarray profiles of 10 human NEC (Bell’s stage III) tissues revealed distinct and significant differences between NEC and controls, analysis of the correlation between miRNAs and their mRNA targets suggested the interaction of dysregulated miRNA/mRNA pairs in NEC with TLR4 (miR-31, -451,-203,-4793-3p), NF-κB2 (miR-203), FOXA1 (miR-21-3p, miR-431, and miR-1290) and HIF1α (miR-31) and downstream pathways of angiogenesis, hypoxia/oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle contraction [48].