Serum insulin levels were also measured, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was 3.16 ± 0.72 (ranging from 2.44 to 3.89; Fig. 1C), which were also higher than the population-based reference interval of HOMA-IR in healthy lean cats (0.4~2.1) (6). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.