Lastly, we did not have data on biomarkers of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism and systematic inflammation such as C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, pro-atherogenic chemokines or serum levels of adiponectin and cannot determine all confounding effects from some other nutrients, lifestyles and socio-economic factors. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and atherosclerosis.