Tumours can exploit this pathway by overexpressing PD‐L1 which impairs anti‐tumour immunity and inhibits the activation and function of T cells by decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines while increasing the secretion of inhibitory cytokines, decreasing lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity, and stagnating the T‐cell cycle.4, 28, 29. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.