TGFB1 and cancer: MiRNAs exert their function (proliferation, invasion, or epithelial-mesenchymal transition) by targeting specific genes involved in cancer-related signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/Smads, and EGFR pathways (Niu et al., 2021a).