CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 can activate T cells by binding to C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) 3 and have been implicated in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including thyroiditis, systemic sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (101). Here, CXCL10 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.