Here we review the role and mechanism of NOD, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein (NLRP) 1, NLRP3, NOD, LRR, and CARD domain-containing protein (NLRC) 4 and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes in regulating CVDs, including AS, myocardial ischemic injury, cardiac hypertrophy, and HF; we summarize the therapeutic effect of pharmacological intervention targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β in the experimental and clinical studies. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.