The evidence that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in the development of MI, adverse remodeling, and HF includes the upregulated inflammasome components, the reduced damage caused by inflammasome inhibition, and the involvement of effector molecules (IL-1β and IL-18) in the pathogenesis of MI and HF (8). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is myocardial infarction.