Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (HucMSC-Ex) can decrease interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK1) level through the upregulation of miR-146b level, which suppress NF-κB activity, eventually alleviating SA-AKI and improving survival in mice with sepsis. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute kidney injury.