Many previous studies indicated that CSF2 produced by cancer cells is involved in the autocrine regulation of cell growth in human skin, prostate, bladder, melanoma, gastric colon and non-small-cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) (Oshika et al., 1998; Mueller et al., 1999; Lammel et al., 2012; Yi-Ying et al., 2016). Here, CSF2 is linked to cancer.