WWOX and cancer: Additionally, evodiamine plays an important role in activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) in human ovarian cancer cells to induce apoptosis [34] and inhibits the proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells through a WW domain containing oxidoreductase-dependent pathway to induce anti-cancer activity [35].