CASP3 and neoplasm: Loading with indocyanine and decitabine, BNPs are aggregated at solid tumor sites, then induce the activation of caspase-3 by photo-activation and release decitabine to upregulate the expression of GSDME, resulting in the cleavage of GSDME, which triggers pyroptosis of tumor cells to activate anti-tumor immunity (Zhao et al., 2020).