The abnormal microstructure of diabetes-related cognitive impairment is related to pathological disorders of endocrine profile (Sanjari Moghaddam et al., 2019), including glucose toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, blood-brain barrier destruction, and cerebral macro- and microvascular disease (Viazzi et al., 2017), leading to the disintegration and destruction of the myelin sheath and causing changes in cognitive function (Strachan et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.