In ccRCC, Zhou et al. showed that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway could potentiate the expression and activation of GLI1 in ccRCC cells [42], suggesting that penfluridol may suppress GLI1 expression through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway in ccRCC. Here, AKT1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.