In CANTOS trial, an IL-1β monoclonal antibody, canakinumab, significantly reduced recurrent cardiovascular events among patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level.278 What’s more, a subsequent analysis showed that canakinumab treatment also reduced risk of heart failure among these patients.279 These data demonstrated the importance of inflammation mediated by immune cells in cardiac remodeling after MI. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and myocardial infarction.