The goal of this study was to investigate the interaction effects of diabetes and BDNF-related markers, i.e., the sBDNF level and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, on acute (within 2 weeks after an ACS episode) and chronic (1 year after an ACS episode) SI in a prospective cohort of Korean patients with ACS. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is diabetes mellitus.