GPT and respiratory system disorder: For composite primary adverse outcomes, the most relevant features were anticipated intraoperative arterial line and central venous catheter monitoring, preoperative hemoglobin, and respiratory comorbidity; for ICU admission, the most relevant features were ASA-PS status, arterial line central venous pressure monitoring, and preoperative hemoglobin; and for PLOS, the key factors included emergency surgery, ASA-PS, central venous monitoring, ALT, eGFR, P.T., and comorbid of respiratory disease.