VEGFA and thanatophoric dysplasia: Rath et al. [4] reported that the early effects of thiram on the GP might be the failure of genes encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors and Bcl-2 resulting from endothelial cell death, which compromise vascularization, cartilage remodeling, and the removal of dead chondrocytes leading to TD lesions.