Differential expression of the glucocorticoid-responsive genes Tsc22d3 (Gilz) and serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (Sgk1) indicated that glucocorticoid dysregulation and the neurotoxic actions of HIV products likely contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in HIV Tg rats with a history of oxycodone self-administration. This evidence concerns the gene SGK1 and Cognitive impairment.