INS and diabetes mellitus: One meta-analysis found intake of tree nuts and peanuts to be associated with a significant reduction in the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) and fasting insulin (FI) (weighted mean difference, WMD = −0.40 μIU/mL, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.07 μIU/mL), but not in FBG [89], an observation that was confirmed in two other meta-analyses limited to adults with pre-diabetes, this time including as a finding a decrease in FBG [90] and also T2D, although the effect was small [91].