PRODH and schizophrenia: Lastly, it has been found that dysregulation of the PRODH gene, which encodes the mitochondrial enzyme proline dehydrogenase, is associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia-like phenotypes in humans [110] and animal models, probably because of alterations in glutamatergic and dopaminergic transmission, especially in the PFC and hippocampus [66].