In a prospective cohort of 42 patients, the authors found that elevated serum protein levels of IFN-β but not IFN-α were present in DM, and these levels of IFN-β correlated with both type 1 IFN gene signature and skin disease activity, as reflected by the Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Disease Area and Severity Index (CDASI) [161]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and dermatomyositis.