ADCYAP1 and neurodegenerative disease: Apart from other routes, such as PTEN/mTOR pathway that provides protection against many pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases [28], and JAK/STAT [29], involved in cellular survival, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [29], there is a third one, the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) pathway, which has a cytoprotective action in neurons and other cells [30].