GPBAR1 and colitis: It has recently been shown that DPG increases the expression of the receptors farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR), pregnane-X-receptor (PXR), and G-protein-coupled-receptor (GPCR; TGR5), decreasing the oxidative stress and consequently intestinal/hepatic inflammation in DSS colitis animal model, with a decrease in IL-8 [84].