TGFB1 and neoplasm: CTGF is a transcriptional target of TGF-β signalling and induces angiogenesis and invasion by the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) [10,11], which are extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation enzymes and play key roles in tumour progression through digestion of ECM and providing a suitable condition for tumour angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis [12,13].