Eight direct known interactions were found between HLHS candidates and ciliopathy-associated genes (HLHS candidates are shown in bold): TSC22D1-UNC119, RPTOR-CILK1, MFSD6-TMEM237, EP300-CRX, CTNNA3-CRX, CTNNA3-FAM161A, NIF3L1-NME7 and TSC1-GLIS2, and one direct novel interaction, RPTOR-CCDC40. This evidence concerns the gene CTNNA3 and ciliopathy.