Furthermore, among children with malaria, a positive cystatin C test was associated with 3.59-fold increased odds of severe AKI (95% CI 2.12 to 6.09) compared to an 11.46-fold increase in the odds of severe AKI (95% CI 5.02 to 26.14) in children with a NMFI. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and malaria.