LEP and Glucose intolerance: In addition, the oral administration of cinnamaldehyde controlled hyperphagia and glucose intolerance in rats with gestational diabetes [259]; such effects were associated with reduced circulating levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin and TNFα, and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, adiponectin, liver glycogen and PPARγ expression, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes.