TMEM163 and Hydrocephalus: Compared with ctl-MO injected embryos, embryos injected with 2.5 ng of tmem163-MOs exhibited severe disruption in the development of the CNS, characterized by the loss of midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) structures and ventricles, as well as perturbed diencephalon and cerebellum at 24 hpf, followed by hydrocephalus at 48 hpf (Figure 3A,B).