LPS predominantly affects IL-1β mRNA expression, which has been found to be implicated in the pathogenesis of BPD, while hyperoxia affects chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) expression, which leads to disruption of alveolarization in rodents [17,18]. Here, IL1B is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.