Kao [53], for instance, has shown IGF-1 to block the formation of α-syn aggregates and suppress α-syn cytotoxicity in dopamine-treated SH-SY5Y cells; Chung and colleagues [54] hypothesized α-syn to play an important role in IGF-1 signaling activation in the neuroblastoma cell line. Here, IGF1 is linked to neuroblastoma.