As discussed in Section 4.3, high endocan levels are associated with adverse prognosis in several solid tumors, but despite similarities with regard to angiogenesis as well as cancer-associated inflammation and a wide variation in endocan levels for patients with acute leukemias, it is not known whether endocan levels have a similar adverse prognostic impact in human acute leukemia. This evidence concerns the gene ESM1 and acute leukemia.