CSF1 and neoplasm: However, GBM cells rely on stress-response mechanisms to maintain its influence on immune system; macroautophagy contributes to maintain a suppressive phenotype in both innate and adaptive immune cells; monocytes switch into immunosuppressive M2-like macrophages by autophagic signaling in response to colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), whereas macroautophagy favors tumor tolerance by stimulation of FoxP3 T-regulatory-cell function as an adaptive immune response [134].