NPPB and chronic kidney disease: Apart from several established CV disease risk factors in CKD patients [4], other biomarkers have also been associated with CV diseases, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) [5], interleukin (IL)-6 [6,7], fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) [8,9], brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) [10,11], cardiac Troponin I and Troponin T [5,12,13].