On the contrary, Thio-HSA showed an inverse behavior (13.5% ± 3.98% and 10.96% ± 2.78% in cases and controls, respectively, p = 0.002), whereas Gly-HSA, another modification often occurring in diabetes as the result of glycation reactions, was not different between the two groups (Figure 2). The gene discussed is ACAA1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.