NFE2L2 and cancer: Oxidative stress can affect all phases of oncogenesis, i.e., cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, activating many transcription factors, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), p53, hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NFE2L2 or NRF2).