TXNIP and diabetes mellitus: Researchers found TXNIP is related to cancers [93, 95, 107, 108, 112–117, 120, 121, 124–131, 151–153], atherosclerosis [69], diabetes and its complications [47, 53, 54, 57], neurodegenerative diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases including Alzheimer's disease [137, 138], stroke [139], and subarachnoid hemorrhage [140].