TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: For example, PMSCs could inhibit the inflammatory response by regulating CD4+ T cell and macrophage polarization, inhibiting the inflammatory factors IFN-γ and IL-17, and upregulating the anti-inflammatory factor TGF-β and IL-10 expression to attenuate renal fibrosis in rats (Zhu et al., 2020).