They indicated that the bacteria could induce the release of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-23, in co-culture of lactobacilli with M1- and M2-like macrophages, whereas the bacteria oral administration led to a decrease in tumor multiplicity, numbers, and volume, as well as restore of colon length and increase in the production of IL-18 [99]. This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and neoplasm.