Genetic, epidemiologic, and clinical lines of research have demonstrated that apolipoprotein B (ApoB)-containing lipoproteins, including LDL and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), are biologically associated with the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) through enhanced oxidation of LDL that promotes inflammatory signaling and cholesterol deposition in the vessel wall [56]. The gene discussed is APOB; the disease is atherosclerosis.