CXCL8 and Parkinson disease: Several studies showed that astrocytes are also able to produce IL-8 in response to various stimuli: 1 methyl 4 phenyl pyridine (MPP+, used to induce Parkinson’s disease in murine models) [38], Aβ 1–42 (a hydrophobic peptide which accumulates in Alzheimer’s disease) [29], cadmium chloride [39], even high glucose [40].