Mounting evidence suggests that a pool of lncRNAs (LOC285194/ (tumor suppressor candidate 7 (TUSC7), taurine upregulated 1 (TUG1), AFAP1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1), prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1 (PART1), colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT1), long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1419 (LINC01419), long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 337 (LINC00337), long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1014 (Linc01014), MACC1 antisense RNA 1 (MACC1-AS1), FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1 (FOXD2-AS1)) are involved in ESCC chemotherapy resistance. Here, AFAP1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.