The inflammatory mediators adsorbed to DND in the samples of the pneumonia group were IFN-γ, ILs, MMPs, TNF-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP1), while DND did not bind to CXCLs, CCLs, and growth factors in the plasma of pneumonia patients (Figure 4A, left panel). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement.