In addition to clinical and neuroimaging scales, serum biomarkers have been explored in WD patients for the potential use in evaluating disease severity and guiding anti-copper treatment, especially for neurological WD patients, such as neurofilament light chain (NFL), glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1, and tau protein. This evidence concerns the gene NEFL and Wilson disease.