GSN and neoplasm: By employing Western blot, cathepsin-Z (cell migration, tumor invasion, proteolysis) [27, 28], gelsolin (apoptosis inhibition) [29], tumor protein D52 (TPD52) (proliferation) [30, 31] and NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) (metabolic processes) [32] exhibited striking reduction from multiple experiments (Fig. 3D, E), while cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) (cell cycle control) (Fig. 3E and Supplementary Fig. 2B) showed a significant increase in p54nrb knock down HeLa cells.