EC50 values for NQO1 mRNA expression and activity (Fig. 5A and C, respectively) were lower for C4X_6665 (1.5 and 1.2 nM, respectively) compared to CDDO (11.8.1 and 7.3 nM, respectively) and GSK7 (13.9 and 8.9 nM, respectively) in COPD patients (Table 2). The gene discussed is NQO1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.