Immunoblotting analysis of p-eIF2α/t-eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP protein expression in brain homogenates (Fig. 3B) revealed that ischemic stroke triggered a significant increase in the expression of ATF4 (p < 0.0001) and CHOP proteins (p = 0.002) in the wild-type ischemic brains but not in the Nhe1 Astro-KO ischemic brains (Fig. 3B (i) and (ii)). This evidence concerns the gene ATF4 and ischemic stroke.