As a result, the M1/M2 macrophage ratio (Supplementary Fig. 30) was the highest after D-NPDOX/C-NPNLG&BLZ treatment (group 6), and this result was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining of iNOS (an M1 macrophage marker) and arginase-1 (Arg-1) (an M2 macrophage marker) in tumor sections (Fig. 7e). This evidence concerns the gene ARG1 and neoplasm.