The introduction of BRAF-targeted therapies [6] and, more recently, of combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors, such as dabrafenib+trametinib [7–9], has resulted in dramatic improvements in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients affected by BRAF-mutant (BRAF-mut) advanced melanoma. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and melanoma.