Diet-induced obesity in mice significantly enhanced inflammatory activation of ATMs and promoted oxidative stress, and adipose tissue from cd36 null mice showed decreased activation of ATMs and adipocytes and less insulin resistance (Kennedy et al., 2011), suggesting that a paracrine loop between adipocytes and ATMs facilitated chronic inflammation dependent on surface CD36 expression in both cell types (Kennedy et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene CD36 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.