MITF and melanoma: This seemingly contradictory conclusion happened simultaneously in MITF characterized as both a melanoma oncogene (McGill et al., 2002; Wellbrock et al., 2008) and an invasion suppressor (Carreira et al., 2006; Arozarena et al., 2011; Cheli et al., 2011; Javelaud et al., 2011; Cheli et al., 2012), which may be a kind of “Rheostat model” (Wawrzyniak et al., 2013).